Which risk category addresses the potential for loss without the possibility of gain?

The identification of pure risk as the correct answer is grounded in its definition within the realm of risk management. Pure risk refers specifically to situations where there is the potential for a loss, but there is no opportunity for gain. This type of risk typically includes scenarios such as natural disasters, theft, and liability claims, where the worst-case scenario results in a financial loss, and there is no potential for a positive outcome.

In contrast, speculative risk involves situations where both loss and gain are possible, such as investments in stocks or starting a business. Operational risk relates to the potential losses stemming from failed internal processes, systems, or events in a company, while financial risk encompasses the exposure to potential financial loss in investments due to market fluctuations or credit issues. These categories do not align with the definition of pure risk, which is solely concerned with loss without any chance of gain.