What does it mean to 'demutualize' an insurance company?

Demutualization refers specifically to the process by which a mutual insurance company, which is owned by its policyholders, converts into a stock insurance company that is owned by shareholders. In a mutual company, policyholders have a say in the governance of the company and can receive dividends or a portion of the company's profits. When a mutual company demutualizes, it typically issues shares to its policyholders or other investors, effectively transforming its ownership structure.

This process can provide the company with greater access to capital markets, enabling it to raise funds more easily to support growth, expand operations, or improve its products and services. The decision to demutualize often arises from a desire to enhance competitiveness and shareholder value in a changing insurance market.

The other choices represent concepts that do not accurately describe demutualization. Increasing capital through member fees does not inherently change the ownership structure of the company. Offering insurance without state approval would infringe upon regulatory requirements and isn't related to the concept of ownership. Forming alliances with other organizations doesn't involve changing the ownership structure either. Thus, the conversion from a mutual company to a stock company is the essence of demutualization.